The Edward Blank YIVO Vilna Online Collections
GO TO YIVO INSTITUTE HOME
Search for books and documents
You can search in Yiddish & Hebrew by using the virtual keyboard below
  • Type a search term into the box on the home page to get results for both books and archival materials. To obtain more accurate search results, use quotes for terms of more than one word. Try out the Hebrew/Yiddish keywords to search for books only.
  • Browse our list of subject terms.
  • Try out our advanced search option to refine your search.
  • Once you get your search results, try limiting them by selecting specific subjects, a date range, or source of original material.
More Options: Browse Advanced Search
Location Finder
1.3
YIVO - Vilna Aspirantur Records
YIVO - Vilna Aspirantur Records
Abstract
The Aspirantur, a graduate training program for scholars of Jewish culture, was founded by the YIVO Institute For Jewish Research in 1935. Led by key figures such as Simon Dubnow, Max Weinreich, and Zalmen Reyzen, the Aspirantur educated students who continued to play an important role in the growth of Jewish studies, including Lucy Dawidowicz, Avraham Sutzkever, and Yosl Mlotek. This collection contains research projects produced by the students, evaluations by their professors, and administrative materials produced in the course of running the program, including planning documents, applications, and correspondence.
Scope and Content of Materials

The records in Series I consist mainly of research papers on topics relating to Jewish life in Eastern Europe, which were prepared in fulfillment of course requirements. Topics include literary analyses of major literary figures such as Mendele Moykher-Sforim and Yisroel Axenfeld, descriptions of individual towns in Eastern Europe, statistical materials on economic life, including agriculture and the leather trade, and research on daily life, including household budgets and family diaries. Among the 60 program participants there are some who survived World War II and continued to be active in Jewish culture decades later. These are the poet and publisher Avrom Sutzkever, the historian of the Holocaust Lucy Dawidowicz, (nee Libe Schildkret), the educator Yosl Mlotek, the Bundist leader Motl Zelmanowicz, and scholar Moishe Kligsberg.

In Series II there are administrative materials relating to the Aspirantur program, such as records of student meetings, notes from lectures and discussions, evaluations of research projects, applications from prospective students, and correspondence.

Scope and Content of Materials
The records consist mainly of papers prepared by students in fulfillment of course requirements.  In addition, there are the following materials:  reports of seminars, classes, lectures and discussions;  student records, including applications, autobiographies, correspondence;  programs of courses;  publicity.
Historical Note

The YIVO Institute for Jewish Research (Yidisher visnshaftlekher institut), established in Vilna in 1925, was divided into four academic sections: Philology, History, Economics and Statistics, Psychology and Education. In 1935 the YIVO Institute added a graduate training division known as the Aspirantur (graduate-level training program). Named in honor of Zemach Shabad (1864-1935), YIVO's chairman, the Aspirantur aimed to educate scholars who wished to pursue research and teaching careers in Jewish scholarship. It was part of a larger project, espoused by intellectuals such as Zalman Reisen, Chaim Zhitlowsky, and Shmuel Niger, of creating a university that would not only serve to educate Jews excluded from national universities by the quota system, but also train a generation of scholars to study Jewish culture for its own sake. In a period when producing knowledge about Jewish culture was highly politicized, the founders of the Aspirantur sought to train scholars in the most sophisticated methods of the social sciences and humanities who would serve the interests of the Eastern European Jewish population itself, unbiased by Zionist or assimilationist commitments. This project, Zalman Reisen stated, was an essential part of arguing for Jewish self-determination. 1 The YIVO Aspirantur program was thus a prototype for a national university that merged a concern for quality scholarship with the goal of promoting Diaspora nationalism. The teachers in the Aspirantur program included Simon Dubnow, Max Weinreich, Zelig Kalmanovitch, Zalman Reisen, Jacob Lestschinsky, Raphael Mahler, Philip Friedman, and Noah Prylucki.

Although the Aspirantur was not an accredited academic program and did not demand a formal university diploma it was "designed to provide graduate-level instruction for students with the equivalent of a university education" 2 and required its students to conduct independent scholarly work in the fields of the Jewish humanities and social sciences and in Yiddish language and literature. Students were also required to write papers summarizing their findings. Several of these papers were publicly presented and some of them were later published by YIVO.

Aspirantn, as the Aspirantur participants were called, would come to Vilna for a financially subsidized academic year. They would each choose a research topic and participate in seminars and classes led by YIVO affiliates. YIVO initially planned to accept ten students for the first year, but due to the program's overwhelming response, fifteen applicants were admitted. Enrollment continued to rise in subsequent years.

In 1937 a new division called the Pro-aspirantur, named in memory of Borukh Kahan-Virgili was added to the Aspirantur program, as a two-year preparatory program for prospective aspirantn who had not received a university-level education and were not yet sufficiently prepared to enter the Aspirantur program. The Pro-Aspirantur evolved into a teacher-training program, filling the educational void of the Vilna Teachers Seminary, which closed in 1931.

The Aspirantur was originally intended to be a one-year program, but the decision was made subsequently to allow "outstanding" students to return for a second year. By its fourth year, several of the participants were returning students who were attending the program for the second, third, and fourth time. Due both to the Aspirantur program's success and the limited professional prospects for young Jews in Poland in the late 1930s, it was not uncommon for students to remain longer than originally envisioned.

The Aspirantur and Pro-Aspirantur and several program faculty members and participants are described in greater detail by Lucy Dawidowicz, an aspirant (1938-1939) - then known by her maiden name Libe Schildkret - in her memoir, From That Place and Time: A Memoir, 1938-1947.

Reference

Kuznitz, C.E. The Origins of Yiddish Scholarship and the YIVO Institute for Jewish Research (doctoral dissertation, Stanford University)

Dawidowicz, Lucy. From That Place and Time: A Memoir, 1938-1947. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2008.

Historical Note
The aim of this YIVO division was to educate scholars who intended to pursue their teaching and research careers in the fields of Jewish scholarship. While the Aspirantur was not an accredited academic institution, it required its students to conduct graduate work in the Jewish humanities and social sciences and in Yiddish language and literature and to write papers summarizing their findings.  Some of those papers were later published by YIVO.  The division also had a Pro-Aspirantur (introductory) program.  The teachers in the Aspirantur program included Simon Dubnow, Max Weinreich, Zelig Kalmanovitch, Zalman Reisen, Jacob Lestschinsky, Raphael Mahler, Philip Friedman.
Series and Folders
2 Seriess Showing 1 - 2

Series I: Student Research , undated, 1934-1940

Projects conducted under the auspices of the Aspirantur and the Pro-Aspirantur are interspersed with one another. Materials that belong to the Pro-Aspirantur program are marked with an asterisk; if unmarked, materials originate in the Aspirantur program proper.
2 Sub Seriess Showing 1 - 2

Subseries 1: Research Papers and Notes , undated, 1934-1940

Materials in Subseries 1 primarily consist of original research papers, notes, and statistical materials, but also include some student evaluations.
84 Folders Showing 1 - 84

Folder 3963: Arnshteyn, Dovid. Jewish Male and Female Apprentices in Vilna , 1937

Final draft; notes; reports.

Yiddish, Polish, and German.

Folder 3967: Babicki, Jacob. Questionnaires about Petranka , undated

Data sheets and notes on Petranka, Czortowiec.

Polish, Yiddish.

Folder 3968: Babicki, Jacob. Statistical materials about Czortowiec, Lisiatycze, and other towns in the Stanisławów region , undated

Data sheets and notes on Czortowiec, Lisiatycze, Starunia, Petranka, Rakowczyk, Sarnki Gorne, Ruda, Wierzbowiec, Słobódka, Jackówka.

Polish, Yiddish.

Folder 3969: Babicki, Jacob. Questionnaires about towns in the Stanisławów region , undated

Data sheets, questionnaires, and notes on Czerniów, Pczany, Sarnki Gorne, and other towns in the Stanisławów region.

Polish.

Folder 3972: Berezin, Shlomo. Jewish Small Industry in Vilna , undated

Research notes on light industry, printing shops, knitwear industry, lithographers, mills, clay industry.

Yiddish, Polish, German.

Folder 3974: Berezin, Shlomo. Jewish Small Industry in Vilna , 1938-1939

Research materials and periodicals.

Russian, Polish.

Folder 3978: Valt, Leye. Short papers.* , 1940

Drafts of research papers, research notes, research activity reports.

Folder 3979: Warhaftig, David. Short papers.* , 1938-1939

Reviews of articles; research activity reports.

Folder 3980: Zak, Leyb. Short papers.* , 1940

Drafts of research papers; reviews of articles; research activity reports.

Folder 3981: Zelmanowicz, Motl. Short papers.* , 1940

Reviews of articles; research activity reports.

Folder 3984: Babicki, Jacob. Jewish Agriculture in Stanisławów Region , 1935-1936

Questionnaires and data sheets on Żabie, Kamionka Mała, Rakowcyzk, Chomiaków, Słobódka Leśna. Drafts and reports.

Polish.

Folder 3987: Tykoczinski, Pinkhes. Jews in Eastern Europe during the World War , 1937-1939

Minutes, reports, correspondence, and materials.

Yiddish, Russian, Polish, German.

Folder 3987a: Tykoczinski, Pinkhes , 1937

Review of the work by Dr. Kurt Stillsweig, Die Juden Osteuropas in den Minderheitsvertragen (The Jews of East Europe in the Minorities Conventions); miscellaneous pages of a paper about anti-Semitism in liberated Poland.

Folder 3990: Yones, Eliyohu. Short papers.* , 1938-1939

Short research papers (5-10 pp) on both ancient and modern Jewish cultural topics, as well as research notes.

Folder 3992: Lubacki, Daniel.* , 1939-1940

Activity reports and evaluations.

Folder 3993a: Feinman, Sol. Mendele-Moykher Sforim: Yiddish and Hebrew , 1942

Draft of Mendele-Moykher Sforim: Yiddish and Hebrew. and other research papers; research notes. Feinman was a student of the YIVO Aspirantur program in New York.

Folder 3995a: Linder, Menachem. The Suede-Leather Trade in Vilna , 1937

Questionnaires, reports. (Second part. Oversize.)

Folder 4001: Natisz, M. (Michael Shutan) , 1936

Rough copy of a Jacob Dinesohn biography, with materials.

Folder 4002: Natisz, M. (Michael Shutan) , 1936

Rough copy of a Jacob Dinesohn biography, with remarks.

Folder 4006: Szmuszkiewicz, Khane. Jewish Guilds in Vilna , undated

Collection of excerpts from sources, card-index, materials, notes.

Russian, Polish, Yiddish.

Folder 4008: Piczaczer-Mann, Khane. Diaries about Children , 1936-1938

Includes diaries themselves, correspondence, notes, reports.

Russian, German, Yiddish.

Folder 4009: Piczaczer-Mann, Khane. Diaries about Children; Education of infants , undated

Supplementary notes to the diaries; discrete sheets, reports.

Folder 4009b: Unidentified (farsheydens) , undated

Miscellaneous notes from several sources; unidentified by name and unnumbered; frequently incomplete pieces of research notes or letters.

Yiddish, Polish, German.

Folder 4012: Kowalski, Gershon.* , 1940

Lectures, research activity reports.

Folder 4013: Kaplanowicz, Shoel.* , 1939-1940

Research papers on historical and literary topics, reports.

Folder 4015: Kruglik, Usher.* , 1939-1940

Research notes, lecture notes, research activity reports.

Folder 4017: Rivkind, Jacob. Family budgets in Vilna , undated

Statistical materials, research notes.

Yiddish, Polish.

Folder 4017a: Rivkind, Jacob. Family budgets in Vilna , undated

Additional research notes.

Yiddish, Polish.

Folder 4018: Rivkind, Jacob. Family budgets in Vilna , undated

Materials, address, card-index.

Polish.

Folder 4025: Schlossberg, Ber , undated

Evaluation of the research-paper: Eastern Yiddish in the 16th Century; also a report about The Yiddish Written Language in the Second Half of the 19th Century.
see details for 84 folders

Subseries 2: Evaluations , undated, 1935-1940

Materials in Subseries 2 consist primarily of evaluations and reports, and do not include the research papers themselves.
22 Folders Showing 1 - 22

Folder 4043: Patt, Emanuel. Youth research , 1940

Evaluation, notes, and photostat of evaluation.
see details for 22 folders

Series II: Administrative Materials , undated, 1934-1940

This series consists of administrative materials, including founding documents, meeting minutes, notes, correspondence, rules for students, lecture notes, fragments of essays and research papers, and application materials.
17 Folders Showing 1 - 17

Folder 4056: Notes from the seminars of visiting professors , 1939-1940

Including: Dr. Olshvanger, Dr. Ormian, Simon Dubnow, Dr. M. Weinreich, M. Yoffe, Jacob Lestschinsky, Dr. R. Mahler, S. Mendelson, Dr. Philip Friedman, Chaim Kazdan, and Zalmen Reisen.

Folder 4059: Notes and research , undated

Notebooks by M. Kharash about Tacitus and the Jews (In Polish, Latin, German, Greek). Notecards containing newspaper excerpts on various topics.
see details for 17 folders

Archival Reference Information

Archival identifier
RG 1.3
Archival identifier
orig-RG 1.3
Author
YIVO - Vilna
Author
YIVO - Vilna
Language

  • German
  • Hebrew
  • Polish
  • Russian
  • Yiddish
Date

  • 1934-1940
Date

  • 1935-1940
Sponsors
Processed, conserved and digitized as part of the Edward Blank YIVO Vilna Online Collections project (2015-2022). Additional work funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities. Earlier work funded by the Gruss Lipper Family Foundation (2007) and the CJH Holocaust Resource Initiative from the Conference on Jewish Material Claims against Germany (2012).
Physical description

The series are arranged by type of material, namely research papers or administrative materials.

The Record Group 1.3 is a segment of a larger block of the Vilna YIVO records within which all folders are numbered consecutively from # 1 to the end. The RG 1.3 begins at folder 3961 and ends at folder 4064.

Physical description
Boxes 1-13 arranged; Box 14 unarranged
Finding aid information
Originally processed by Ezekiel Lipschutz in 1954. Translated and edited by Rivka Schiller in 2007. Materials further processed, described and finding aid encoded by Sarah Ponichtera in 2012. Materials prepared for digitization by Jessica Podhorcer in 2015.
Technical Access
Electronic finding aid was encoded in EAD 2002 by Sarah Ponichtera in September 2012. Description is in English. Finding Aid imported to Archon and customized in 2017.
Source of original
YIVO Archives
Source of original
YIVO Archives
Extent
6.08 linear feet
Extent
0.00 linear feet
Collection
Archon
Collection
Archon
Arrangement

The series are arranged by type of material, namely research papers or administrative materials.

The Record Group 1.3 is a segment of a larger block of the Vilna YIVO records within which all folders are numbered consecutively from # 1 to the end. The RG 1.3 begins at folder 3961 and ends at folder 4064.

Arrangement
Boxes 1-13 arranged; Box 14 unarranged
Enabled
Yes
Publication Note
Inventory: Yiddish, 12 pp., English 8 pp., typed
Preferred Citation
Published citations should take the following form:Identification of item, date (if known); Records of the YIVO Aspirantur; RG 1.3; box number; folder number; YIVO Institute for Jewish Research.
Document Types

  • Correspondence
  • Manuscripts
  • Research Notes
  • Theses
Organizations

  • YIVO Institute For Jewish Research (New York)
  • Yidisher visnshaftlekher institut
  • Yivo Institute for Jewish Research
Detailed Subjects

  • Education, Higher - Europe, Eastern
  • Europe, Eastern
  • Jews - Study and teaching
  • Language and education
  • YIVO (Vilna)
Places

  • Vilnius (Lithuania)
Detailed Subjects

  • Education, Higher - Europe, Eastern
  • Europe, Eastern
  • Jews - Study and teaching
  • Language and education
  • YIVO (Vilna)
Organizations

  • YIVO Institute For Jewish Research (New York)
Document Types

  • Correspondence
  • Manuscripts
  • Research Notes
  • Theses
Places

  • Vilnius (Lithuania)
Publication Note
Inventory: Yiddish, 12 pp., English 8 pp., typed
Enabled
Yes
Subjects

  • Correspondence
  • Manuscripts
  • Research Notes
  • Theses
  • Education, Higher - Europe, Eastern
  • Europe, Eastern
  • Jews - Study and teaching
  • Language and education
  • Vilnius (Lithuania)
  • Yiddish secular movement
  • YIVO (Vilna)
  • YIVO Institute For Jewish Research (New York)

Search in the "YIVO - Vilna Aspirantur Records" Archival Collection (RG 1.3)


Use restrictions

Permission to publish part or parts of the collection must be obtained from the YIVO Archives. For more information, contact:

YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, Center for Jewish History, 15 West 16th Street, New York, NY 10011

email: archives@yivo.cjh.org

Use restrictions

YIVO owns the compilation of content that is posted on this website, which consists of text, images, and/or audio, and video. However, YIVO does not necessarily own each component of the compilation. Some content is in the public domain and some content is protected by third party rights. It is the user's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright or other use restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in YIVO websites.

The materials on this web site may be used for personal, research and educational purposes only. Publication (including posting on the Internet and online exhibitions) or any other use without prior authorization is prohibited. Please visit https://www.yivo.org/Rights-Reproductions for more information about use of materials from this website.

YIVO has employed due diligence in seeking to identify copyright holders of the materials in this compilation. We invite any copyright owners who are not properly identified to contact us at yivomail@yivo.cjh.org.

Access
Permission to use the collection must be obtained from the YIVO Archivist.

The Edward Blank YIVO Vilna Online Collections project is an international project to preserve, digitize, and virtually reunite YIVO’s prewar library and archival collections located in New York City and Vilnius, Lithuania, through a dedicated web portal. The project will also digitally reconstruct the historic, private Strashun Library of Vilna, one of the great prewar libraries of Europe.

This project is a partnership between the YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, the Lithuanian Central State Archives, the Martynas Mažvydas National Library of Lithuania, and the Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences, and includes the cataloging, conservation, and digitization of documents and books in both New York and Vilnius.  

In May 2017, some 170,000 pages of previously unknown documents, lost to history for almost 70 years, were discovered in Vilnius, significantly expanding the scope of our project.

Read the article in the New York Times     Watch our press conference

Are you using Edward Blank YIVO Vilna Online Collections material for your project? If so, please feel free to share information about your project here.


 

Supporters